{"id":6713,"date":"2020-05-17T15:07:04","date_gmt":"2020-05-17T14:07:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/euromedic.rs\/pregledi\/kardiologija-srcani-zalisci-copy\/"},"modified":"2020-10-07T10:47:12","modified_gmt":"2020-10-07T09:47:12","slug":"kardiologija-embolija-pluca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/euromedic.rs\/pregledi\/specijalisticki-pregledi\/kardiologija\/kardiologija-embolija-pluca\/","title":{"rendered":"Kardiologija – Embolija plu\u0107a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0160ta je embolija plu\u0107a ?<\/b><\/p>\n

Embolija plu\u0107a je oboljenje koje nastaje zbog za\u010depljenja grana plu\u0107ne arterije, naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e krvnim ugru\u0161kom, koji putem vena preko desnog srca dospeva do plu\u0107ne arterije. Ugru\u0161ak naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e kre\u0107e iz dubokih vena nogu i male karlice. To je jedno vrlo opasno oboljenje koje predstavlja jedan od tri naj\u010de\u0161\u0107a kardiovaskularna razloga umiranja, pored akutnog infarkta miokarda i \u0161loga. Me\u0111utim, mo\u017ee se javiti i u bla\u017eim formama.<\/p>\n

Kada se javlja plu\u0107na tromboembolija?<\/b><\/p>\n

Stanja koja dovode do nastanka plu\u0107ne embolije mogu biti ste\u010dena i uro\u0111ena.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

U ste\u010dena stanja spadaju: skora\u0161nja velika operacija, povreda ili bolest koja zahteva dugotrajno le\u017eanje u krevetu, maligne bolesti, trudno\u0107a, hormonska terapija i uzimanje kontraceptivnih sredstava, pu\u0161enje, du\u017ei letovi avionom ili vo\u017enje kolima, kao i neke bolesti kao \u0161to je antifosfolipidni sindrom.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

U nasledna stanja spadaju naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e uro\u0111ene trombofilije (uro\u0111ena stanja koja se karakteri\u0161u pove\u0107anom sklono\u0161\u0107u ka nastanku tromboza). Primer uro\u0111ene trombofilije je na primer faktor V Leiden mutacija.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ispitivanje postojanja trombofilije kod pacijenta sa embolijom plu\u0107a je potrebno predvideti kod mla\u0111ih bolesnika, \u017eena sa ponavljanim spontanim poba\u010dajima, bolesnika sa ponavljanim trombozama vena.<\/p>\n

Koji su simptomi plu\u0107ne embolije ?<\/b><\/p>\n

Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i simptomi su ote\u017eano disanje, bol u grudima tipa probadanja, gubitak svesti, iska\u0161ljavanje krvi. Ote\u017eano disanje je naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i simptom. Me\u0111utim, ovi simtomi se mogu javiti i u drugim bolestima nevezano za emboliju plu\u0107a. \u010cest nalaz mo\u017ee biti jednostrani otok noge, naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e potkolenice.<\/p>\n

Sve navedeno je znak da se javite svom kardiologu<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Koje analize je potrebno predvideti u dijagnostici plu\u0107ne embolije?<\/b><\/p>\n

Prva analiza koju treba predvideti je odre\u0111ivanje vrednosti D dimera u krvi. Potrebno je znati da su vrednosti D dimera povi\u0161ene u mnogim drugim klini\u010dkim situacijama i stanjima, kako patolo\u0161kim (infekcija, trauma, operacija, malignitet\u2026), tako i fiziolo\u0161kim stanjima (trudno\u0107a, starije \u017eivotno doba). Najve\u0107i zna\u010daj odre\u0111ivanja vrednosti D dimera je taj \u0161to normalna vrednost ukazuje na malu verovatno\u0107u plu\u0107ne embolije.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pored standardnog pregleda kardiologa, potrebno je predvideti ultrazvuk srca, skenersku (CT) pulmoangiografiju (snimanje krvnih sudova plu\u0107a), Dopler dubokih vena nogu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

O izboru dijagnosti\u010dke metode odlu\u010di\u0107e Va\u0161 kardiolog.<\/p>\n

Kakav je nivo ugro\u017eenosti pacijenata sa potvr\u0111enom dijagnozom embolije plu\u0107a <\/b>?<\/b><\/p>\n

U najve\u0107em broju slu\u010dajeva neophodno je bolni\u010dko le\u010denje. U daljem toku bolesti neophodna je dugoro\u010dna primena antikoagulantne terapije (lekove koji \u201crazre\u0111uju\u201d krv) i to Farin, Sintrom, Sincum (uz kontrolu INR-a) ili Pradaxa, Xarelto ili Eliquis (bez kontrole INR-a). Vreme primene antikoagulantne terapije zavisi od klini\u010dke slike i stepena rizika za ponavljanje embolije plu\u0107a. INR je analiza iz krvi koja govori do koje mere je razre\u0111ena Va\u0161a krv. Jako je va\u017eno znati da dok uzimate lekove za razre\u0111ivanje krvi ne smete da dobijate injekcije u mi\u0161i\u0107 (intramuskularne injekcije), kao i da morate da ka\u017eete svom hirurgu ili stomatologu koje lekove uzimate (zbog mogu\u0107ih operacija).<\/i><\/p>\n

\"pastedGraphic_1.png\"<\/p>\n

\u0160ta <\/b>je mogu\u0107e preduzeti da se spre\u010di<\/b> nastanak ovog stanja<\/b> ?<\/b><\/p>\n

Potrebno je izbegavati situacije dugog sedenja, posebno sa prekr\u0161tenim nogama, ili sedenje na nozi. U situaciji kao \u0161to dugi letovi avionom, potrebno je ustajati tokom leta, u delovima leta u kojima je kretanje putnika dozvoljeno, a preporu\u010duju se i ve\u017ebe. Kretanje aktivira mi\u0161i\u0107e nogu i umanjuje rizik od stvaranja tromboze dubokih vena nogu. Kod dugih vo\u017enji kolima, potrebno je praviti pauze\u00a0 <\/span>u definisanim vremenskim intervalima.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0160ta je embolija plu\u0107a ? Embolija plu\u0107a je oboljenje koje nastaje zbog za\u010depljenja grana plu\u0107ne…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6715,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[477],"tags":[456,397],"class_list":["post-6713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kardiologija","tag-embolija-pluca","tag-kardiologija"],"yoast_head":"\nKardiologija - Embolija plu\u0107a - Dijanogstika i le\u010denje u Euromediku<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Embolija plu\u0107a je oboljenje koje nastaje zbog za\u010depljenja grana plu\u0107ne arterije, naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e krvnim ugru\u0161kom, koji putem vena preko desnog srca dospeva...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/euromedic.rs\/pregledi\/specijalisticki-pregledi\/kardiologija\/kardiologija-embolija-pluca\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kardiologija - 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