{"id":5396,"date":"2020-05-06T14:16:07","date_gmt":"2020-05-06T13:16:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/euromedic.rs\/pregledi\/endokrinologija-menstrualni-ciklus-copy\/"},"modified":"2020-10-07T10:53:01","modified_gmt":"2020-10-07T09:53:01","slug":"endokrinologija-neredovni-menstrualni-ciklus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/euromedic.rs\/pregledi\/specijalisticki-pregledi\/endokrinologija\/endokrinologija-neredovni-menstrualni-ciklus\/","title":{"rendered":"Endokrinologija – Neredovni menstrualni ciklus"},"content":{"rendered":"

U prvim godinama posle menarhe, dok se ne uspostavi HPO osovina, 50- 80 % devojaka nema redovne ovulacije pa su\u00a0 time i menstrualni ciklusi neredovni. Neredovni menstrualni ciklusi nemaju ve\u0107eg \u0161tetnog uticaja sem \u0161to su\u00a0 frustriraju\u0107i za roditelje i decu.Ali ako menstrualni ciklusi izostaju du\u017ei vremenski period , mogu imati dugoro\u010dnog efekta na formiranje ko\u0161tane mase.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prva menstruacija u \u017eivotu naziva se menarha, uobi\u010dajeno se javlja oko 11-13 g \u017eivota,ali sve \u010de\u0161\u0107e se javlja i\u00a0 ranije\u00a0 ve\u0107 od 8 .ili\u00a0 9. godine \u017eivota , naro\u010dito u razvijenim zemljama i kod gojaznih devoj\u010dica. Ukoliko se ne javi menstrualno krvarenje do 16.g\u00a0 radi se o primarnoj amenoreji.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kada su menstrualni ciklusi kra\u0107i od 21. dana govorimo o u\u010destalim menstrualnim ciklusima ili polimenoreji, ako su du\u017ei od 35 dana radi se o produ\u017eenim menstrualnim ciklusima ili oligomenoreji ( 35 dana do 6 meseca ) \u00a0 i amenoreji ( vi\u0161e od 6 meseci ).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Amenoreja mo\u017ee biti fiziolo\u0161ka (pre puberteta, tokom trudno\u0107e, dojenja, postmenopauza) i patolo\u0161ka.<\/span><\/p>\n

Patolo\u0161ka amenoreja ali I produ\u017eena \/ oskudna menstrualna krvarenja, pojava krvarenja izmedju 2 menstrualna krvarenja\u00a0 mogu biti posledica razli\u010ditih stanja i predstavljaju simptom , nikako\u00a0 kona\u010dnu klini\u010dku dijagnozu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Patolo\u0161ka amenoreja mo\u017ee biti\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

-primarna ( u oko 1% populacije) \u2013predstavlja\u00a0 izostanak menstruacije do 16 g ( sa razvijenim I bez razvijenih sekundarnim polnih karakteristika )<\/span><\/p>\n

-I\u00a0 sekundarna( u 3-5% populacije) \u2013kada se izostanak menstruacije javi bilo kada u toku reproduktivnog \u017eivota \u017eene, nakon menarhe.<\/span><\/p>\n

Osnovno je kod sekundarne amenoreje isklju\u010diti trudno\u0107u.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prema nivou poreme\u0107aja amenoreje mogu biti\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

1) centralne- usled poreme\u0107aja na nivou hipotalamusa i hipofize ,\u00a0 to su i naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e\u00a0 sekundarne oligo\/amenoreje , koje obuhvataju<\/span><\/p>\n

-sindrom policisti\u010dnih jajnika<\/span><\/p>\n

– periferne endokrinopatije( usled poreme\u0107aja rada \u0161titaste \u017elezde, nadubre\u017enih \u017elezda, drugih hormonskih poreme\u0107aja)<\/span><\/p>\n

-bolesti hipofize \/hipotalamusa ( hiperprolaktinemija, tumori, upale,disfunkcije usled poreme\u0107aja ishrane, stresa, prekomerne fizi\u010dke aktivnosti, psiho-neuro-endokrinih poreme\u0107aja, zakasneli pubertet\u2026)<\/span><\/p>\n

2)ovarijalne- poreme\u0107aji gradje jajnika ( agenezija \/disgenezija usled hormonskih poreme\u0107aja ) ,rezistencija jajnika na hormone, prevremena ovarijalna insuficijencija ili menopauza ( POI) spontana ili ste\u010dena<\/span><\/p>\n

3)usled poreme\u0107aja gra\u0111e materice I vagine<\/span><\/p>\n

– la\u017ene amenoreje ( kriptomenoreje ) usled nemogu\u0107nosti oticanja krvi zbog anomalija<\/span><\/p>\n

– nerazvijenost ( ageneza) cerviksa ( vrata materice ), vagine, materice ili ste\u010dene usled prisustva priraslica unutar materice nakon trauma ili upale<\/span><\/p>\n

Kada vidimo samo deo mogu\u0107ih uzroka neredovnih i nepravilnih menstrualnih ciklusa razume\u0107emo za\u0161to u ispitivanju ovih poreme\u0107aja postoji timski, sistemati\u010dni pristup i rad ginekologa, endokrinologa<\/a>\u00a0i drugih specijalnosti kao radiologa,kardiologa, psihologa, nutricioniste I drugih koji dijagnozu sklapaju poput mozaika po najvisim standardima u nasoj ustanovi.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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